For years women workers from Mexico have been coming to Maryland during crab season, but this year the Trump administration awarded the visas by lottery, rather than on a first-come, first-served basis. Now, nearly half of the Eastern Shore’s crab houses have no workers to pick the crab meat that is sold in restaurants and supermarkets. According to a May 3 article in the Washington Post, Harry Phillips, owner of Russell Hall Seafood on Hooper’s Island, said that “There’s not going to be hardly any Maryland crabmeat.... It looks like it’s a matter of time before they’re going to shut us all down.”
This is not the first time the industry has been threatened by a shortage of workers. Back in 2009, Senator Barbara Mikulski intervened with the Department of Homeland Security and that agency provided additional visas. The question is whether Trump’s Homeland Security Department will be amenable to such a solution this year.
The program that brought workers from Mexico with temporary visas began in the 1980s. Thus, companies have relied on the program for 25 years, but now find themselves facing a crisis. In addition to the worker shortage, as a result of colder than usual weather in April, crabs were slower to come out of hibernation. Crab processors predict that, unless a solution is found, the worker shortage will send the price of picked crab meat through the ceiling. The Post article also notes that “it could lower the price of steamed crabs, flooding the market with many of the female and undersize crabs that would otherwise get picked.” Typically, the 20 licensed crab processors in Maryland employ about 500 foreign workers each season from April through November under the H-2B visa program. They are paid by the pound of meat they produce and may make as much as $500 a week. This crisis not only threatens the producers, but also the families of workers back in Mexico, who for years have depended on this income.
The crab processing industry is not the only one that heavily depends on foreign, seasonal workers. Ocean City hotels, restaurants, and other businesses also depend on the H-2B visa program. US Labor officials state that they received visa applications for 81,000 foreign workers, but only 33,000 were available. Because of the larger number of requests, US Citizenship and Immigration Services decided to award visas by lottery. The budget passed by Congress in March authorizes immigration officials to issue more visas, but at this time it is unclear how many new visas will be allowed. Gov. Hogan recently sent a letter to the Secretaries of Homeland Security and Labor requesting that they “take immediate action” to raise the visa cap.
Source: Scott Dance, “Crab crisis: Md. seafood industry loses 40 percent of workforce in visa lottery,” The Washington Post , May 3, 2018.
Title image: Sunset at Eastern Neck National Wildlife Refuge, Kent Co. Photo: Jan Plotczyk